{"id":8104,"date":"2020-08-06T14:10:39","date_gmt":"2020-08-06T14:10:39","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/imm.ong\/?p=8104"},"modified":"2020-08-06T16:58:58","modified_gmt":"2020-08-06T16:58:58","slug":"o-controverso-nascimento-da-fotografia","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/imm.ong\/en\/fotografia\/o-controverso-nascimento-da-fotografia\/","title":{"rendered":"O controverso nascimento da fotografia"},"content":{"rendered":"[vc_row type=”in_container” full_screen_row_position=”middle” column_margin=”default” column_direction=”default” column_direction_tablet=”default” column_direction_phone=”default” scene_position=”center” text_color=”dark” text_align=”left” row_border_radius=”none” row_border_radius_applies=”bg” overlay_strength=”0.3″ gradient_direction=”left_to_right” shape_divider_position=”bottom” bg_image_animation=”none”][vc_column column_padding=”no-extra-padding” column_padding_tablet=”inherit” column_padding_phone=”inherit” column_padding_position=”all” background_color_opacity=”1″ background_hover_color_opacity=”1″ column_shadow=”none” column_border_radius=”none” column_link_target=”_self” gradient_direction=”left_to_right” overlay_strength=”0.3″ width=”1\/1″ tablet_width_inherit=”default” tablet_text_alignment=”default” phone_text_alignment=”default” column_border_width=”none” column_border_style=”solid” bg_image_animation=”none”][nectar_highlighted_text color_type=”regular” highlight_color=”#ff6716″ style=”half_text”]\n

No dia 19 de agosto \u00e9 comemorado o Dia Mundial da Fotografia.<\/h2>\n[\/nectar_highlighted_text][vc_column_text css=”.vc_custom_1596732846751{margin-top: 40px !important;margin-bottom: 5px !important;}”]\n

Voc\u00ea sabe por qu\u00ea?<\/h4>\n[\/vc_column_text][divider line_type=”No Line” custom_height=”30″][\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row type=”in_container” full_screen_row_position=”middle” column_margin=”default” equal_height=”yes” content_placement=”top” column_direction=”default” column_direction_tablet=”default” column_direction_phone=”default” scene_position=”center” text_color=”dark” text_align=”left” row_border_radius=”none” row_border_radius_applies=”bg” overlay_strength=”0.3″ gradient_direction=”left_to_right” shape_divider_position=”bottom” bg_image_animation=”none” shape_type=””][vc_column column_padding=”no-extra-padding” column_padding_tablet=”inherit” column_padding_phone=”inherit” column_padding_position=”all” background_color_opacity=”1″ background_hover_color_opacity=”1″ column_shadow=”none” column_border_radius=”none” column_link_target=”_self” gradient_direction=”left_to_right” overlay_strength=”0.3″ width=”2\/5″ tablet_width_inherit=”default” tablet_text_alignment=”default” phone_text_alignment=”default” column_border_width=”none” column_border_style=”solid” bg_image_animation=”none”][image_with_animation image_url=”8105″ animation=”Fade In From Left” hover_animation=”none” alignment=”” border_radius=”15px” box_shadow=”small_depth” image_loading=”lazy-load” max_width=”100%” max_width_mobile=”default”][\/vc_column][vc_column column_padding=”no-extra-padding” column_padding_tablet=”inherit” column_padding_phone=”inherit” column_padding_position=”all” background_color_opacity=”1″ background_hover_color_opacity=”1″ column_shadow=”none” column_border_radius=”none” column_link_target=”_self” gradient_direction=”left_to_right” overlay_strength=”0.3″ width=”3\/5″ tablet_width_inherit=”default” tablet_text_alignment=”default” phone_text_alignment=”default” column_border_width=”none” column_border_style=”solid” bg_image_animation=”none”][vc_column_text css=”.vc_custom_1596731562251{margin-top: 40px !important;margin-bottom: 5px !important;}”]\n

Em 19 de agosto de 1839, o governo franc\u00eas oficializou a inven\u00e7\u00e3o do daguerre\u00f3tipo<\/i>, considerada a primeira m\u00e1quina fotogr\u00e1fica funcional do mundo<\/strong>.<\/p>\n

O equipamento surgiu da parceria entre os inventores Joseph Ni\u00e9pce e Louis Jacques Daguerre, que durante anos se dedicaram \u00e0 pesquisa de processos fotogr\u00e1ficos \u2013 em uma \u00e9poca que quase nada se conhecia sobre isso. Juntos, Daguerre e Ni\u00e9pce s\u00e3o considerados por muitos como os pais da fotografia.<\/i><\/p>\n

Mas o surgimento da fotografia n\u00e3o tem uma hist\u00f3ria \u00fanica, e remonta d\u00e9cadas de estudos, inven\u00e7\u00f5es e experimentos. O daguerre\u00f3tipo pode ser o mais conhecido, mas \u00e9 apenas um dos v\u00e1rios processos que estavam sendo testados ao redor do planeta por pessoas diferentes.<\/p>\n[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row type=”in_container” full_screen_row_position=”middle” column_margin=”default” column_direction=”default” column_direction_tablet=”default” column_direction_phone=”default” scene_position=”center” text_color=”dark” text_align=”left” row_border_radius=”none” row_border_radius_applies=”bg” overlay_strength=”0.3″ gradient_direction=”left_to_right” shape_divider_position=”bottom” bg_image_animation=”none”][vc_column column_padding=”no-extra-padding” column_padding_tablet=”inherit” column_padding_phone=”inherit” column_padding_position=”all” top_margin=”40″ bottom_margin=”40″ background_color_opacity=”1″ background_hover_color_opacity=”1″ column_shadow=”none” column_border_radius=”none” column_link_target=”_self” gradient_direction=”left_to_right” overlay_strength=”0.3″ width=”1\/1″ tablet_width_inherit=”default” tablet_text_alignment=”default” phone_text_alignment=”default” column_border_width=”none” column_border_style=”solid” bg_image_animation=”none”][vc_text_separator title=”Conhe\u00e7a algumas dessas hist\u00f3rias:”][\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row type=”in_container” full_screen_row_position=”middle” column_margin=”default” column_direction=”default” column_direction_tablet=”default” column_direction_phone=”default” scene_position=”center” text_color=”dark” text_align=”left” row_border_radius=”none” row_border_radius_applies=”bg” overlay_strength=”0.3″ gradient_direction=”left_to_right” shape_divider_position=”bottom” bg_image_animation=”none”][vc_column column_padding=”no-extra-padding” column_padding_tablet=”inherit” column_padding_phone=”inherit” column_padding_position=”all” background_color_opacity=”1″ background_hover_color_opacity=”1″ column_shadow=”none” column_border_radius=”none” column_link_target=”_self” gradient_direction=”left_to_right” overlay_strength=”0.3″ width=”1\/2″ tablet_width_inherit=”default” tablet_text_alignment=”default” phone_text_alignment=”default” column_border_width=”none” column_border_style=”solid” bg_image_animation=”none”][vc_column_text css_animation=”fadeInUp”]\n

\u201cLe Gras\u201d<\/h1>\n
A primeira foto que o mundo conheceu<\/h5>\n[\/vc_column_text][image_with_animation image_url=”8127″ animation=”Fade In From Left” hover_animation=”none” alignment=”” border_radius=”15px” box_shadow=”small_depth” image_loading=”lazy-load” max_width=”100%” max_width_mobile=”default”][vc_column_text]A trajet\u00f3ria de Joseph Ni\u00e9pce com a fotografia vem de anos antes da parceria com Daguerre. Foram muito estudos matem\u00e1ticos e experimentos qu\u00edmicos at\u00e9 ele chegar no que chamou de \u201cheliografia\u201d, ou seja, a \u201cescrita do sol\u201d. Simplificadamente, a t\u00e9cnica consistia no escurecimento de uma placa de estanho com oxida\u00e7\u00e3o ao contato com a luz.<\/p>\n

Em 1827, da janela de sua casa na Borgonha, Ni\u00e9pce tirou a primeira fotografia conhecida pelo mundo. O processo durou nada menos que 8 horas de exposi\u00e7\u00e3o \u00e0 luz.<\/p>\n

Em 1829, o inventor se associou a Daguerre para que desenvolvessem juntos suas pesquisas fotogr\u00e1ficas. Mas Ni\u00e9pce morreu logo depois, deixando suas contribui\u00e7\u00f5es cient\u00edficas como heran\u00e7a para o parceiro. Em 1839, surgiu o mecanismo que levaria o nome de Daguerre aos anais da hist\u00f3ria da fotografia.<\/p>\n[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column][vc_column column_padding=”no-extra-padding” column_padding_tablet=”inherit” column_padding_phone=”inherit” column_padding_position=”all” background_color_opacity=”1″ background_hover_color_opacity=”1″ column_shadow=”none” column_border_radius=”none” column_link_target=”_self” gradient_direction=”left_to_right” overlay_strength=”0.3″ width=”1\/2″ tablet_width_inherit=”default” tablet_text_alignment=”default” phone_text_alignment=”default” column_border_width=”none” column_border_style=”solid” bg_image_animation=”none”][vc_column_text css_animation=”fadeInUp”]\n

Hippolyte Bayard<\/h1>\n

Injusti\u00e7ado pela hist\u00f3ria?<\/h5>\n[\/vc_column_text][image_with_animation image_url=”8128″ animation=”Fade In From Left” hover_animation=”none” alignment=”” border_radius=”15px” box_shadow=”small_depth” image_loading=”lazy-load” max_width=”100%” max_width_mobile=”default”][vc_column_text]Contempor\u00e2neo de Ni\u00e9pce e Daguerre, Hippolyte Bayard tamb\u00e9m contribuiu para o universo fotogr\u00e1fico. Ele inventou um processo que gerava a imagem direto sobre o papel, semelhante ao das polaroids<\/span> de hoje.<\/p>\n

Por\u00e9m, face \u00e0 popularidade do daguerre\u00f3tipo, Bayard se frustrou com a falta de reconhecimento de sua t\u00e9cnica. Em 1840, ao se ver fracassando diante do governo franc\u00eas e da opini\u00e3o p\u00fablica, o fot\u00f3grafo resolveu encenar e fotografar um suic\u00eddio simulado como forma de protesto, eternizando-o no seu \u201cAutorretrato afogado\u201d.<\/p>\n[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row type=”in_container” full_screen_row_position=”middle” column_margin=”default” column_direction=”default” column_direction_tablet=”default” column_direction_phone=”default” scene_position=”center” text_color=”dark” text_align=”left” row_border_radius=”none” row_border_radius_applies=”bg” overlay_strength=”0.3″ gradient_direction=”left_to_right” shape_divider_position=”bottom” bg_image_animation=”none”][vc_column column_padding=”no-extra-padding” column_padding_tablet=”inherit” column_padding_phone=”inherit” column_padding_position=”all” background_color_opacity=”1″ background_hover_color_opacity=”1″ column_shadow=”none” column_border_radius=”none” column_link_target=”_self” gradient_direction=”left_to_right” overlay_strength=”0.3″ width=”1\/1″ tablet_width_inherit=”default” tablet_text_alignment=”default” phone_text_alignment=”default” column_border_width=”none” column_border_style=”solid” bg_image_animation=”none”][divider line_type=”No Line” custom_height=”30″][\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row type=”in_container” full_screen_row_position=”middle” column_margin=”default” column_direction=”default” column_direction_tablet=”default” column_direction_phone=”default” scene_position=”center” text_color=”dark” text_align=”left” row_border_radius=”none” row_border_radius_applies=”bg” overlay_strength=”0.3″ gradient_direction=”left_to_right” shape_divider_position=”bottom” bg_image_animation=”none”][vc_column column_padding=”no-extra-padding” column_padding_tablet=”inherit” column_padding_phone=”inherit” column_padding_position=”all” background_color_opacity=”1″ background_hover_color_opacity=”1″ column_shadow=”none” column_border_radius=”none” column_link_target=”_self” gradient_direction=”left_to_right” overlay_strength=”0.3″ width=”1\/2″ tablet_width_inherit=”default” tablet_text_alignment=”default” phone_text_alignment=”default” column_border_width=”none” column_border_style=”solid” bg_image_animation=”none”][vc_column_text css_animation=”fadeInUp”]\n

William Fox Talbot<\/h1>\n

O criador dos negativos<\/h5>\n[\/vc_column_text][image_with_animation image_url=”8129″ animation=”Fade In From Left” hover_animation=”none” alignment=”” border_radius=”15px” box_shadow=”small_depth” image_loading=”lazy-load” max_width=”100%” max_width_mobile=”default”][vc_column_text]\n

O ingl\u00eas foi respons\u00e1vel pela inven\u00e7\u00e3o do processo com negativos na fotografia. Enquanto os outros inventores focavam na grava\u00e7\u00e3o de imagens em \u201cpositivos diretos\u201d, Talbot desenvolveu, em 1840, a t\u00e9cnica que chamou de \u201ccal\u00f3tipo\u201d.<\/p>\n

As fun\u00e7\u00f5es do daguerre\u00f3tipo e das outras t\u00e9cnicas ficavam limitadas, j\u00e1 que os positivos diretos s\u00f3 permitem uma \u00fanica revela\u00e7\u00e3o. A luz entra pela c\u00e2mera, fixa-se na placa, e est\u00e1 feita a imagem. J\u00e1 o processo do cal\u00f3tipo permitia a reprodu\u00e7\u00e3o de v\u00e1rias c\u00f3pias positivas a partir de um \u00fanico negativo.<\/p>\n[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column][vc_column column_padding=”no-extra-padding” column_padding_tablet=”inherit” column_padding_phone=”inherit” column_padding_position=”all” background_color_opacity=”1″ background_hover_color_opacity=”1″ column_shadow=”none” column_border_radius=”none” column_link_target=”_self” gradient_direction=”left_to_right” overlay_strength=”0.3″ width=”1\/2″ tablet_width_inherit=”default” tablet_text_alignment=”default” phone_text_alignment=”default” column_border_width=”none” column_border_style=”solid” bg_image_animation=”none”][vc_column_text css_animation=”fadeInUp”]\n

Hercule
\nFlorence<\/h1>\n

E a photographie tupiniquim<\/h5>\n[\/vc_column_text][image_with_animation image_url=”8131″ animation=”Fade In From Left” hover_animation=”none” alignment=”” border_radius=”15px” box_shadow=”small_depth” image_loading=”lazy-load” max_width=”100%” max_width_mobile=”default”][vc_column_text css_animation=”fadeInUp”]\n

O franc\u00eas Hercule Florence foi pintor, desenhista, professor e inventor. Ele chegou ao Brasil em 1824 e, entre seus in\u00fameros objetos de estudo, come\u00e7ou a investigar a impress\u00e3o de imagens utilizando a c\u00e2mara escura.<\/p>\n

Florence habitava a regi\u00e3o da atual Campinas, no interior de S\u00e3o Paulo, e foi o primeiro a usar o termo photographie <\/i>(fotografia) para se referir \u00e0s experi\u00eancias fotoqu\u00edmicas, em 1833. Ele tamb\u00e9m teve sua contribui\u00e7\u00e3o cient\u00edfica pouco percebida diante do sucesso estrondoso de Daguerre.<\/p>\n[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row type=”in_container” full_screen_row_position=”middle” column_margin=”default” column_direction=”default” column_direction_tablet=”default” column_direction_phone=”default” scene_position=”center” text_color=”dark” text_align=”left” row_border_radius=”none” row_border_radius_applies=”bg” overlay_strength=”0.3″ gradient_direction=”left_to_right” shape_divider_position=”bottom” bg_image_animation=”none”][vc_column column_padding=”no-extra-padding” column_padding_tablet=”inherit” column_padding_phone=”inherit” column_padding_position=”all” background_color_opacity=”1″ background_hover_color_opacity=”1″ column_shadow=”none” column_border_radius=”none” column_link_target=”_self” gradient_direction=”left_to_right” overlay_strength=”0.3″ width=”1\/1″ tablet_width_inherit=”default” tablet_text_alignment=”default” phone_text_alignment=”default” column_border_width=”none” column_border_style=”solid” bg_image_animation=”none”][divider line_type=”No Line” custom_height=”20″][\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row type=”in_container” full_screen_row_position=”middle” column_margin=”default” column_direction=”default” column_direction_tablet=”default” column_direction_phone=”default” scene_position=”center” text_color=”dark” text_align=”left” row_border_radius=”none” row_border_radius_applies=”bg” overlay_strength=”0.3″ gradient_direction=”left_to_right” shape_divider_position=”bottom” bg_image_animation=”none”][vc_column column_padding=”padding-2-percent” column_padding_tablet=”inherit” column_padding_phone=”inherit” column_padding_position=”right” background_color_opacity=”1″ background_hover_color_opacity=”1″ column_shadow=”none” column_border_radius=”none” column_link_target=”_self” gradient_direction=”left_to_right” overlay_strength=”0.3″ width=”1\/2″ tablet_width_inherit=”default” tablet_text_alignment=”default” phone_text_alignment=”default” column_border_width=”none” column_border_style=”solid” bg_image_animation=”none”][vc_column_text css_animation=”fadeIn”]\n

Agora que voc\u00ea j\u00e1 sabe a origem da fotografia, queremos saber:<\/h3>\n

 <\/p>\n

voc\u00ea tem um fot\u00f3grafo favorito?<\/h4>\n

E uma fotografia favorita?<\/h4>\n[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column][vc_column column_padding=”padding-4-percent” column_padding_tablet=”inherit” column_padding_phone=”inherit” column_padding_position=”all” background_color=”#232323″ background_color_opacity=”1″ background_hover_color_opacity=”1″ font_color=”#ffffff” column_shadow=”small_depth” column_border_radius=”15px” column_link_target=”_self” gradient_direction=”left_to_right” overlay_strength=”0.3″ width=”1\/2″ tablet_width_inherit=”default” tablet_text_alignment=”default” phone_text_alignment=”default” column_border_width=”none” bg_image_animation=”none”][vc_column_text css_animation=”fadeIn”]\n

Conta pra gente em nossas redes sociais.<\/span><\/h4>\n[\/vc_column_text][divider line_type=”No Line” custom_height=”20″][vc_row_inner column_margin=”default” column_direction=”default” column_direction_tablet=”default” column_direction_phone=”default” text_align=”left”][vc_column_inner column_padding=”no-extra-padding” column_padding_tablet=”inherit” column_padding_phone=”inherit” column_padding_position=”all” background_color_opacity=”1″ background_hover_color_opacity=”1″ column_shadow=”none” column_border_radius=”none” column_link_target=”_self” gradient_direction=”left_to_right” overlay_strength=”0.3″ width=”5\/12″ tablet_width_inherit=”default” column_border_width=”none” column_border_style=”solid” bg_image_animation=”none”][nectar_btn size=”small” open_new_tab=”true” button_style=”see-through-2″ color_override=”#ffffff” hover_color_override=”#ff6716″ hover_text_color_override=”#ffffff” icon_family=”fontawesome” text=”FACEBOOK” icon_fontawesome=”fa fa-facebook-square” url=”https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/imagemagica\/”][\/vc_column_inner][vc_column_inner column_padding=”no-extra-padding” column_padding_tablet=”inherit” column_padding_phone=”inherit” column_padding_position=”all” background_color_opacity=”1″ background_hover_color_opacity=”1″ column_shadow=”none” column_border_radius=”none” column_link_target=”_self” gradient_direction=”left_to_right” overlay_strength=”0.3″ width=”5\/12″ tablet_width_inherit=”default” column_border_width=”none” column_border_style=”solid” bg_image_animation=”none”][nectar_btn size=”small” open_new_tab=”true” button_style=”see-through-2″ color_override=”#ffffff” hover_color_override=”#ff6716″ hover_text_color_override=”#ffffff” icon_family=”fontawesome” text=”INSTAGRAM” icon_fontawesome=”fa fa-instagram” url=”https:\/\/www.instagram.com\/imagemagica\/”][\/vc_column_inner][vc_column_inner column_padding=”no-extra-padding” column_padding_tablet=”inherit” column_padding_phone=”inherit” column_padding_position=”all” background_color_opacity=”1″ background_hover_color_opacity=”1″ column_shadow=”none” column_border_radius=”none” column_link_target=”_self” gradient_direction=”left_to_right” overlay_strength=”0.3″ width=”2\/12″ tablet_width_inherit=”default” column_border_width=”none” column_border_style=”solid” bg_image_animation=”none”][\/vc_column_inner][\/vc_row_inner][\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row type=”in_container” full_screen_row_position=”middle” column_margin=”default” column_direction=”default” column_direction_tablet=”default” column_direction_phone=”default” scene_position=”center” text_color=”dark” text_align=”left” row_border_radius=”none” row_border_radius_applies=”bg” overlay_strength=”0.3″ gradient_direction=”left_to_right” shape_divider_position=”bottom” bg_image_animation=”none”][vc_column column_padding=”no-extra-padding” column_padding_tablet=”inherit” column_padding_phone=”inherit” column_padding_position=”all” background_color_opacity=”1″ background_hover_color_opacity=”1″ column_shadow=”none” column_border_radius=”none” column_link_target=”_self” gradient_direction=”left_to_right” overlay_strength=”0.3″ width=”1\/1″ tablet_width_inherit=”default” tablet_text_alignment=”default” phone_text_alignment=”default” column_border_width=”none” column_border_style=”solid” bg_image_animation=”none”][divider line_type=”Full Width Line” line_thickness=”1″ divider_color=”default” custom_height=”100″][\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row type=”in_container” full_screen_row_position=”middle” column_margin=”default” column_direction=”default” column_direction_tablet=”default” column_direction_phone=”default” scene_position=”center” text_color=”dark” text_align=”left” row_border_radius=”none” row_border_radius_applies=”bg” overlay_strength=”0.3″ gradient_direction=”left_to_right” shape_divider_position=”bottom” bg_image_animation=”none”][vc_column column_padding=”no-extra-padding” column_padding_tablet=”inherit” column_padding_phone=”inherit” column_padding_position=”all” background_color_opacity=”1″ background_hover_color_opacity=”1″ column_shadow=”none” column_border_radius=”none” column_link_target=”_self” gradient_direction=”left_to_right” overlay_strength=”0.3″ width=”1\/1″ tablet_width_inherit=”default” tablet_text_alignment=”default” phone_text_alignment=”default” column_border_width=”none” column_border_style=”solid” bg_image_animation=”none”][vc_column_text css_animation=”fadeIn”]\n

Fontes:<\/h4>\n

enciclopedia.itaucultural.org.br\/pessoa6020\/hercule-florence<\/a>
\nmetmuseum.org\/toah\/hd\/tlbt\/hd_tlbt.htm<\/a>
\nrevistazum.com.br\/noticias\/acervo-online-william-talbot\/<\/a>
\nincinerrante.com\/textos\/autorretrato-afogado-1840-de-hippolyte-bayard<\/a>
\nincinerrante.com\/textos\/vista-da-janela-em-le-gras-1826-7-de-joseph-nicephore-niepce\/<\/a>
\npt.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/H%C3%A9rcules_Florence<\/a>[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column][\/vc_row]\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

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